Studies and research

A colleague in academic research recounted that, after the city of Al-Fashir fell into the hands of the multinational Rapid Support Forces (RSF), he coincidentally found himself with a senior French security official “residing in Africa.” According to his account, the official said verbatim:

All global military schools emphasize that one of the fundamental principles underpinning military doctrine is the rule: “In national sovereignty battles, every moment the will hesitates, reality decides for us.”

The negotiations between the Sudanese army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), under American sponsorship and supervision, are not detached from the recent drone attacks targeting Khartoum airport and several Sudanese cities.

Introduction
Since Côte d’Ivoire gained independence in 1960, presidential elections have functioned as a mirror reflecting the nation’s social tensions, political confrontations, and structural transformations. With the advent of the multi-party system in 1990, elections became a key indicator of the evolution of the Ivorian political system—oscillating between phases of authoritarian stability and democratic uncertainty.

Some African scholars recount that former Nigerien President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, during a meeting with a French delegation, sought to temper the enthusiasm of that delegation as it spoke about the role of the French company Areva in extracting uranium from Nigerien soil and how such efforts would contribute to the country’s development.

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries share the view that Washington is fully aware of the political and security implications of the growing Iranian presence in the Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb.